The Asus ROG Swift Pro PG248QP is an extremely fast gaming monitor designed for professional esports gamers. Boasting a massive 540Hz refresh rate, it's a glimpse into...
Human visual processing breaks down at different rates. I had an extremely informative college course which I took fairly poor notes but here are the basics.
Object recognition - 24hz. Actually got a live demo for this one. Flashing 24 unrelated images per second and students could call out when a duck was visible. About half of us could spot it even when most other images were unrecognizable. This rate targets the visual cortex.
Flicker Fusion threshold - 60hz, the rate the eye can percieve that a light is flickering vs solidly lit. Depends also on the display technology. This rate targets the rods/cones of the retina themselves.
Motion Recognition - 500-1000hz, Inside the retina itself, the human eye has special ganglion cells which detect edge patterns traveling between rods/cones, these are clever hair trigger comparators that can spot differences in detection smaller than the original signal (stilll ~60hz but unsynchronized) but this information travels separately from the object recognition signals to the brain and is never fully re-incorporated. Motion blur/interpolation used in film almost complete blinds these cells and the absence of these signals is relatively subtle. Unblurred 60hz film and video games can still trigger the stop motion effect. These cells need much higher rates to be completely fooled.
Think of it another way, if you have a vertical line moving across the screen, you want atleast one frame for each motion cell. If the line jumps pixels you get more like motion stripes than a motion image. If you jump multiple pixels per frame, skipped motion cells report zero motion and the perception of motion breaks down. To complete the illusion you nearly need a new frame for every column of pixels(not every rod/cone cell is connected to a motion cell) . This is why perception still subtly changes up to absurdly high frame rates.
Human visual processing breaks down at different rates. I had an extremely informative college course which I took fairly poor notes but here are the basics.
Object recognition - 24hz. Actually got a live demo for this one. Flashing 24 unrelated images per second and students could call out when a duck was visible. About half of us could spot it even when most other images were unrecognizable. This rate targets the visual cortex.
Flicker Fusion threshold - 60hz, the rate the eye can percieve that a light is flickering vs solidly lit. Depends also on the display technology. This rate targets the rods/cones of the retina themselves.
Motion Recognition - 500-1000hz, Inside the retina itself, the human eye has special ganglion cells which detect edge patterns traveling between rods/cones, these are clever hair trigger comparators that can spot differences in detection smaller than the original signal (stilll ~60hz but unsynchronized) but this information travels separately from the object recognition signals to the brain and is never fully re-incorporated. Motion blur/interpolation used in film almost complete blinds these cells and the absence of these signals is relatively subtle. Unblurred 60hz film and video games can still trigger the stop motion effect. These cells need much higher rates to be completely fooled.
Think of it another way, if you have a vertical line moving across the screen, you want atleast one frame for each motion cell. If the line jumps pixels you get more like motion stripes than a motion image. If you jump multiple pixels per frame, skipped motion cells report zero motion and the perception of motion breaks down. To complete the illusion you nearly need a new frame for every column of pixels(not every rod/cone cell is connected to a motion cell) . This is why perception still subtly changes up to absurdly high frame rates.